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Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization in eastern North Africa concentrated along the lower Nile, in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization around 3150 BC merged (According to conventional Egyptian chronology) the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt in the early history of ancient Egypt pharaoh.The held in a stable series of kingdoms, separated by periods relative instability known as the interim periods. The ancient kingdom of the Bronze Age, United East in the Bronze Age and Middle Bronze Age New Kingdom. Egypt reached the zenith of its power during the New Kingdom, Ramesside period and then entered a period of slow decline. Egypt was conquered by foreign powers in the late period. In the wake of the death of Alexander the Great, set up one of his generals, Ptolemy Soter, was proclaimed the new ruler of Egypt.
This dynasty ruled Egypt until 30 BC Ptolemy, the fall of the Roman Empire and became a Roman province.The success of ancient Egyptian civilization comes in part from its ability to adapt to the conditions s the Nile Valley Flooding predictable and controlled irrigation de la Vega produce surplus crops, which fueled social development and culture. With capacity to spare, the exploitation of the mining administration sponsored the areas of the valley and the desert surrounding the early development of an independent writing system, the organization of collective construction and agricultural projects, trade with surrounding regions, and an army destined to defeat enemies foreign and Egyptian rule to enforce.The many achievements of the ancient Egyptians include quarrying, surveying and construction techniques that facilitated the construction of monuments pyramids, temples and obelisks, a system of mathematics, a practical and effective system of medicine, systems irrigation and agricultural techniques, the first known ships, Egyptian faience technology and glass, new forms of literature and the earliest known peace treaty.Egypt left a lasting legacy. Its art and architecture has been widely copied, and removed the antiques from around the world. Its monumental ruins have inspired travelers and writers of imagination for centuries. A new respect for antiquities and excavations in the early modern period led to the scientific study of Egyptian civilization and a better understanding of its cultural heritage.Nile was the lifeline of the region for much of human history. The fertile floodplain of the Nile gave humans the opportunity to develop a strong economy and a more sophisticated agriculture, centralized society that became a cornerstone in the history of mankind civilization.Nomadic modern human hunter-gatherers began living in the Nile Valley in the late Middle Pleistocene about 120,000 years ago. By the end of the Neolithic was the dry climate of North Africa are increasingly hot and dry, forcing the population in the region to concentrate along the region.Motivating and organizing these activities was a bureaucracy of elite scribes, religious leaders and administrators under the control of a pharaoh who ensured the cooperation and unity of the Egyptian people as part of a comprehensive system of religious beliefs.