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Cryptocurrency is a decentralized form of digital money that operates on blockchain technology, eliminating the need for traditional financial intermediaries like banks. Bitcoin, the first and most well-known cryptocurrency, was introduced in 2009 by an anonymous figure known as Satoshi Nakamoto. Since then, the industry has expanded to include thousands of digital assets, each with unique use cases, from smart contracts and decentralized finance (DeFi) to non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and privacy-focused transactions.
At the heart of cryptocurrency is blockchain—a distributed ledger that records transactions across a network of computers, ensuring security, transparency, and immutability. Unlike traditional fiat currencies, which are controlled by central banks, most cryptocurrencies operate on a decentralized network governed by consensus mechanisms such as Proof-of-Work (PoW) or Proof-of-Stake (PoS)